Melanoderma microcarpum
Melanoderma microcarpum B.K. Cui & Y.C. Dai 2011, in Cui, et al., Fungal Diversity 97, 137–392 (2019)
Diagnosis: Basidiocarps perennial, pileate to effuse-reflexed, narrowly attached, woody hard upon drying, without odor or taste. Pilei circular to irregularly shaped, projecting up to 1.6 cm, 1.5 cm broad and 5 mm thick at base. Pileal surface dark reddish brown to blackish brown, concentrically zonate, glabrous; margin obtuse, cream-buff when juvenile, becoming black when mature. Pore surface white when fresh, cream to cream-buff when dry; pores distinctly circular, 7–9 per mm; dissepiments thick, entire. Context cream-buff, woody hard, up to 1 mm thick, upper surface with a blackish crust. Tubes cream-buff, woody hard, stratified, about 1 mm long in each layer. Hyphal system dimitic; generative hyphae bearing clamp connections; skeletal hyphae dextrinoid, CB+; tissues unchanged in KOH. Generative hyphae infrequent, hyaline, thin-walled, rarely branched, 1.5–3.6 µm in diam; skeletal hyphae dominant, hyaline, thick-walled to subsolid, often branched, interwoven, 1.5–5.7 µm in diam. Generative hyphae infrequent, hyaline, thin-walled, unbranched, 1.2–3 µm in diam; skeletal hyphae dominant, thick-walled to subsolid, usually branched, strongly interwoven, 1.2–5 µm in diam. Cystidia clavate to ventricose, hyaline, thin-walled, usually apically encrusted, 20–32 × 4.8–7.6 µm; cystidioles clavate, hyaline, thin-walled, 17.6–24 × 4–6.2 µm. Basidia clavate, with four sterigmata and a basal clamp connection, 9.8–16 × 5–6.5 µm; basidioles similar in shape to basidia, but slightly smaller. Rhomboid crystals frequently present in trama and hymenium. Basidiospores cylindrical, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, IKI–, CB–, (5–)5.1–6.4(–7.2) × (1.8–)1.9–2.7(–3) µm, L = 5.92 µm, W = 2.28 µm, Q = 2.25–2.79 (n = 90/3).
Index Fungorum Number: IF519873
Notes: Notes. — Melanoderma microcarpum is characterized by a perennial growth habit, pileate to effuse-reflexed basidiocarps with a distinct blackish crust at pileal surface, small and round pores, dimitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, dextrinoid and cyanophilous skeletal hyphae, cylindrical, thin-walled basidiospores, negative in Melzer’s reagent and Cotton Blue, and presence of apically encrusted cystidia (Cui et al. 2011).
Figure 1. Basidiocarps of Melanoderma microcarpum
Figure 2. Microscopic structures of Melanoderma microcarpum (drawn from Dai 8116). a. Basidiospores; b. Basidia and basidioles; c. Cystidia; d. Hyphae from trama. Bars: a = 5 µm; b–d = 10 µm
References:
Cui, B.K., & Zhao, C.L., & Dai, Y.C. (2011). Melanoderma microcarpum gen. et sp. nov. (Basidiomycota) from China. Mycotaxon 116, 295–302
Cui, B.K., & Li, H.J., & Ji, X., & Zhou, J.L., & Song, J. & Si, J., & Yang, Z.L., & Dai, Y.C. (2019). Species diversity, taxonomy and phylogeny of Polyporaceae (Basidiomycota) in China. Fungal Diversity 97, 137–392
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