Boletales » Boletaceae » Afrocastellanoa

Afrocastellanoa ivoryana

Afrocastellanoa ivoryana (Castellano, Verbeken & Thoen) M.E. Smith & Orihara, in Orihara & Smith, Mycologia 109(2): 328 (2017)

Basidiomata 1050 mm in diam, subglobose, globose, reniform to pyriform, when fresh pure white with some small areas that are gray to cream, some bluegreen stains and an undefinable pale green tinge, surface waxy, somewhat pitted in places, elsewhere smooth and somewhat powdery. In cross section the peridium appears two layered with the outer layer gray-pink and the inner pure white. Gleba solid, marbled white and red-yellow, green-yellow to pale yellow-olive, sometimes developing blue to blue-green stains when cut; locules irregularly shaped, filled. Rhizomorphs single to numerous, fine to about 1 mm wide, attached at sporocarp base, white. Columella present or absent, when present white. Taste not distinctive. Odor sweet, pleasant, slightly apple-like.

Peridium 5001500 μm thick: Peridiopellis 30100 μm thick, trichoderm or turf, of branched, thin-walled filamentous hyphae 25 μm broad, grading to inner layer context. Peridial context composed of multiple layers: Outermost layer 300800 μm thick, of compactly interwoven or parallel, less branched, thin-walled filamentous hyphae 213 μm broad, partially inflated up to 35 μm in diam, the inner hyphae tend to become more frequently inflated, oleiferous hyphae present, 311 μm broad, partially ventricose or sinuate, strongly stained by cotton blue; middle layer present at maturity, 300600 μm thick, of depressed remnant of non-gelatinous inflated cells forming pseudoparenchymatous tissue; innermost layer 130200 μm thick, absent in some areas, of sparse, gelatinized, narrow, branched filamentous hyphae 14 μm broad. Hymenium and subhymenium absent. Basidia more or less sparsely distributed within the gleba, 1422 × 913 μm, clavate to clavulate, colorless, mostly 4-spored, more rarely 2-spored. Basidiospores (9–)9.514.3 × (7.5–)912 μm (Q [length/width] = 1.041.4), mean 11.8 × 9.8 μm, Qmean = 1.2 (n = 25), subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, ornamented with dense, small spines more or less angular at the base, spore walls 1.22 μm thick. Spiny ornamentation on spore surface up to 1.8 μm high in water, but in some cases elongated to 3.3 μm high when mounted in acidic or alkaline solutions. Clamp connections absent in all tissues.

Index Fungorum number: IF818074

 

Notes: Castellano et al. (2000) described the outer peridial context as composed of gelatinized hyphae 34 μm in diam. However, our observations of dried isotype and paratype specimens suggest that the layer is composed of non-gelatinous hyphae. Instead, we observed the innermost peridial layer consisting of gelatinous, narrow, filamentous hyphae, which was not explicitly described in Castellano et al. (2000).

Figure 1: Bayesian majority-rule consensus tree of the ITS data set of Octaviania ivoryana and allied sequences. Bayesian PP and RAxML bootstrap (BS) values (1000 replicates) are indicated above or below branches or at nodes as PP/BS. UECM = uncultured ectomycorrhizal

 

Figure 2: Afrocastellanoa ivoryana. a. Peridiopellis (pp) and outer layer of peridial context (opc) (paratype specimen D. Arora 126). Oleiferous hyphae (olh) scatter sporadically in the peridial context. b. Middle layer of peridial context (D. Arora 126). c. Inner layer of peridial context (D. Arora 126). d. Basidium (arrow) (isotype specimen OSC 150014 [A. Verbeken 99-104]). e. Basidiospores in cotton blue (D. Arora 126). f. Basidiospores in cotton blue (OSC 150014). g. Basidiospores in water (OSC 150014). Scale bars: a = 50 μm, bg = 20 μm

 

Key References

Castellano MA, Verbeken A, Walleyn R, Thoen D. 2000. Some new or interesting sequestrate Basidiomycota from African woodlands. Karstenia 40:1121

Orihara T, Smith ME 2017. Unique phylogenetic position of the African truffle-like fungus, Octaviania ivoryana (Boletaceae, Boletales), and the proposal of a new genus. Afrocastellanoa. Mycologia 109(2):323332

 

About Basidiomycota

The webpage Basidiomycota provides an up-to-date classification and account of all genera of the phylum Basidiomycota.

 

Supported by 

Thailand Science Research and Innovation (TSRI)

project entitled:

"Macrofungi diversity research from the Lancang-Mekong Watershed and surrounding areas"

(Grant No. DBG6280009)

Contact

  • Email: basidio.org@yahoo.com
  • Addresses:
    Mushroom Research Foundation, 292 Moo 18, Bandu District,
    Muang Chiangrai 57100, Thailand
  • The State Key Lab of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.3 1st Beichen West Rd., Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, P.R. China


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